of cardington



.TO ALL WHOM IT MAY OQNCERN:

@einen ,tetes ttteittffire vD. fr, WARD, or eARDiNeTON', onto; Letters Patent No. 73,479, dated January 21, 1868..

IMPROVEMENT IN census.

.tte .tlgritli nitriet' tu' it time tettets @that mit mtltiitgvttrt nt tlg-e tiene;

Be it known that I, D. T. WARD, of Cardington, in the vcountyot' Morrow, and-State` of..Ohiohave invented new and useful Improvements in Annuler Churns; and-I do hereby declare 'that the following is a full, clear,

and exact description of my invention, reference being had lto the accompanying drawings, and to `the letters of,`

reference marked thereon, of which drawingsl Figure 1 is side view of my churn, the churn-cylinder being shown in section.

Figure 2 is a plan ol' the same. f f

Figure 3 is a perspective view, showing the annular'ringin an inverted`position..

The nature of my invention consists in the peculiar construction of an adjustable-annular ring, used in connection with a peculiarly formed dasher, the said parts being so 'arranged that, by the rotation of the dasher, the cream is caused to move around and upon the inner surface of the churn, and, striking on tho wings of the annular ring, is thrown into'the centre of thechnrn, where, in its descent, it is beaten by arms on the dasher, and, in this way, the churning of the cream'is rapidly acenmplished. i

To enable others skilled in the art to-make and use my invention, I will proceed todescribe its construction and operation. l c 'f i P is the bottom board, which forms the foundation ofthe whole npparatus. To this boa-rd are attached the uprights K K, vwhich are so'shaped as that, in-'combination with the h oop- Q, on'the board P, they'serve to keep the churn A in position. To theseuprights, the armsL and R are attached,`the lirst serving as a bearing forV the head of the dasher-shaft C, and the latter, in connection with a step, S, on the boa-rd P, serves as a bearing for the shaft M, which carries the meinbelt-wheol N. v0n this main belt is secured the crank '0, and a belt, I, is arrangediaround it, and a pulley, H, on the dasher-sh'aft G, bywhch the motion is given-to the flasher. The churn .A is of cylindrical yi`orrn,and may be made ot'any suitalile.- material, ,and has the covers B B, as shown. A step, a, is arranged on the bottom ofsaid churn,as shown, andfserves' as a bearing for the dushershaft C. The annular ring F is made in form, as, shown', of any suitable material, and has the arms or wings G Gr on its lower side. These arms G Gr have a peculiar cross-section, having concave surfaces bb, on both sides, as seen in lig. 2, the object of these concave surfaces being to guide the cream from the sides to the centre of the churn. On the flasher-shaft C are arranged 'the broad ilat dasher 'D andthe round dasher-arms E E, as shown. i f

The operationA of my churn is as follows: The cream being ptit into the churn A, the annular ring F is slid up or down until the lower ends of'the wings G G are about down to the surface of the cream; the rovers B B being then pnt on, arapid rotation of thedashersis caused, hy means of the crnnkO. The dat flasher D causes the cream tohave a rapid rotary motion, 11nd by rensonof centrifugal force, the creamwill moveto the sides of the churn, and pass up the sides. where it comes in contactwith the wings G G, which throw it vinto the centre .of the churn, where it is dashed or beaten bythe flashers E E, The motion of thecream during the process of churning is shown by larrows in fig. 1. l k

I By this means I produce a rapid movement and beating' of the cream, byuhch the process of churning ismuch facilitated.

Having thus fully described my churn, I`wish to be understood` that I do not claim as my invention tho churn A, the dasher C, pulleys ll or N, belt I, nor the nprghts'K K, nor hoopQ, used separately, nor the covers B B, nor the steps S anda, nor the arms L und R, noribottom P; but

What Ido claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The' adjustable annular ring F, when composed of the ring F, made either in one piece or in sections, and the wings G G, with concave surfaces b b, the whole being used inthe manner and for the purpose herein specified. f

2. The use of the dasher C, constructed as shown, in combination with the annular ring F, in the manner and for the purposehecin specified. i

3. The peculiar arrangement and combination of the uprights K K, bottom, P, and hoop Q, for the purpose of holding the churn in position, in the manner herein set forth.

4. The peculiar arrangement and combination vof the churn A, annular ring F, dasher C, pulley H, belt I,

4and. driving-pulley N, with crank O thereon, the several parts 'being arranged as and for the purpose herein specified.

- As' evidence that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set myhand in the presence of. two witnesses. D. T. WARD.

Witnesses:

W. C. NIonoLs, W. H. LAMPnEcnr. 

